classification of diuretics according to mode of action-

classification of diuretics according to mode of action

1-mechanical diuretics

ex:water(large amount)-normal saline-ringer solution

mode of action:cause hyderaemia which results in dilution blood Na Cl then osmotic pressure decreases and inhibits antidiuretic hormone ADH  ,water reabsorbtion decreases , in the final urination occurs till osmotic pressure sises again and ADH is secreted then stop diuresis.

therapiutic uses:in fever,sulphonamide toxicity.

2-carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

ex:acetazolamide(diamox)-brinzolamide-dorzolamide-methozolamide

3-osmotic diuretics 

a-saline diuretics:ex:Na and K salts

mode of action:K+ excreted by tubular cells results in decrease H+ secretion , carbonate and bicarbonate not absorbed results in alkaline urine 

b-non saline diuretics

ex:glucose-glycerine-urea-mannitol

mode of action :glucose(hypertonic solution),concenterated in the blood above renal threshold ,this results in glucose escapes from tubular reabsorption.osmotic action retracting water , in the final diuresis occurs.

therapeutic use :in cardiac odema

note:K+ salts is the best in diuretics but it is contraindication in renal disorders because the kidney retention K+ and result in hyprkalemia which causes cardiac arrest.