Esophagus
Esophagitis :
it is term given to inflammation of esophagus , it is infrequent in animals .
Causes of esophagitis :
1-trauma by stomach tube or foreign bodies .
2-infection.
3-caustic chemicals.
4-parasite .
5-persistent vomiting in dog .
Most common affections of esophagus
Erosive and ulcerative esophagitis :
It is common finding associated with viral disease .
Bovine viral diarrhea , cattle plague and malignant catarrhal fever produce longitudinal epithelial defect .
Bovine popular stomatitis , infectious rhinotracheaitis and herpes viruses produce focal necrotizing lesions.
Thrush or mycotic esophagitis :
It is specific inflammation of the squamous epithelium of alimentary tract caused by specific fungi called candida allbicans .
This is a disease of young animal .
In this disease appear whitish pseudo membranous lesions patchily distributed on buccal mucosa , back of tongue , pharyngeal mucosa and esophagus .
Choke :
It is complete or partial obstruction of esophagus by foreign material .
Causes of choke
1- in a cattle
trying to swallow turnips , beets and small ears of corn without reducing them to smaller pieces .
2-in a horse
gradual accumulation of ground or whole grain that fail to passage through whole length of esophagus.
3-in dog and cats
caused by sharp pieces of bone which lodge in the thoracic esophagus .
Complications of obstruction of esophagus
In cattle , prevent regurgitation of gases formed in rumen with tempanitis of that organ which is fatal after some hours , if tempanitis without this complication , death occur in about three days due to local gangrene ( from compressed blood vessels ) and resultant toxaemia .
In dog , in partial obstruction results in vomiting after a few minutes from eating .
If foreign body is not removed , in few weeks repeating stretching wall just above obstruction will produce sac like dilatation usually unilateral due to accumulation food above foreign body and this called esophageal diverticulum .
Parasitic diseases
Spirocerca lupi , which penetrate mucosa and submucosa of lower esophagus forming sub epithelial fibrous nodules which bulge into the lumen causing minimal interference in esophagus function .
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